The Hindu PDF 7 November 2023 Analysis

The Hindu PDF Newspaper is considered an important source of news and information for UPSC (Union Public Service Commission) aspirants in India. This The Hindu Epaper PDF newspaper covers a wide range of topics that are relevant to the UPSC exam, including politics, economics, international relations, governance, and social issues.

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The Hindu PDF Analysis 7 November 2023 for UPSC

Governors delaying crucial Bills a matter of concern, says SC: Page 1

• SC concerned about Governors delaying key Bills in non-BJP-ruled States.
• Chief Justice D.Y. Chandrachud questions why parties have to approach the Supreme Court for action.
• Emphasizes the need for resolving such matters between Governors and Chief Ministers.
• Suggests that Governors should be more aware that they are not elected by the people.
• Hearing a petition by Punjab government against Governor holding back seven key Bills.
• Three of the seven Bills are Money Bills, with two recommended by the Governor later.
• Four Bills on other subjects are still pending with the Governor.
• Controversy over adjourning the Vidhan Sabha and reconvening it three months later.
• Kerala has also approached the Supreme Court over its Governor holding back crucial Bills.

More light, less sound: Page 6

• Issue: Noise pollution from firecrackers during festivals.
• In 2018, ‘green’ crackers were introduced to reduce noise and toxicity.
• Noise Pollution (Regulation and Control) Rules 2000 set limits for firecracker noise.
• Thresholds vary based on areas (industrial, commercial, residential).
• Complaints can be registered if noise exceeds the limit by 10 dB(A) Leq during the daytime.
• Harmful effects of loud noise include sleep disorders, tinnitus, stress, anxiety, hearing loss, and cardiac health issues.
• Traffic noise and religious celebrations contribute to the problem.
• Firecrackers during Deepavali often exceed 90 dB of sound.
• Existing rules lack clarity on sanctions and enforcement.
• Suggests preventing the production of violative firecrackers and improving public access to noise data for noise mitigation.

The cult of operational superiority, from Israel to India: Page 6

1. Israel’s security policy has faced challenges, prompting a need for strategic reevaluation.
2. Israel relied on periodic military campaigns against Gaza without a political solution.
3. The two-state solution was undermined, leading to a divided Palestinian leadership.
4. Operational superiority alone is insufficient for long-term security.
5. India has also been seduced by the concept of operational superiority in dealing with Pakistan.
6. India has focused on military capabilities but neglected the political dimension of the conflict.
7. Ignoring the political interests of adversaries can lead to increased hostilities.
8. Dialogue and political processes can help in reducing tensions and addressing issues.
9. Détente has worked in other conflicts, and it might have benefits in the India-Pakistan context.
10. Starting a political process can lead to confidence-building measures, cooperation on various issues, and economic stability.
11. The article emphasizes the importance of considering both military and political dimensions when managing strategic threats.

What are the challenges for the new Polish government?: Page 8

• Polish Opposition coalition won a majority in the parliament’s lower house and the Senate with a 74.4% voter turnout.
• The ruling Law and Justice (PiS) party’s eight-year rule marked by right-wing and populist policies.
• PiS introduced generous welfare benefits, including support for children and young mothers.
• Controversial 2016 abortion ban legislation sparked protests, leading to government concessions.
• In 2020, the constitutional tribunal restricted abortion rights, allowing exceptions only for rape, incest, and maternal health risks.
• PiS targeted the LGBT community, emphasizing traditional family values.
• The government sought to control lower courts, the constitutional tribunal, and judge appointments, leading to conflicts with the EU.
• Poland faced fines and fund freezes due to defiance of EU rulings and disputes over the rule of law.
• The new government, led by Donald Tusk, is expected to prioritize addressing the aftermath of PiS’s policies.
• The opposition government aims to mend EU relations, particularly regarding frozen development funds.

India, Bhutan to discuss new routes of regional connectivity: Page 10

• India and Bhutan discuss regional connectivity and border upgrades.
• Plans for a 58-km cross-border rail link between Gelephu and Kokrajhar in Assam are moving forward.
• Exploration of a second rail link for about 18 km between Samtse in Bhutan and Banarhat in West Bengal.
• Bhutanese trade items to be carried from Haldibari in West Bengal to Chilahati in Bangladesh.
• Bhutan plans to build an international airport at Gelephu as part of a Special Economic Zone.
• India reaffirms commitment to friendship and cooperation with Bhutan, supporting socio-economic development.
• Development assistance for Bhutan’s 12th and 13th Five-Year Plans.
• Darranga-Samdrup Jongkhar border crossing designated as an immigration check post for third country nationals.
• Strengthening trade infrastructure and upgrading customs facilities to promote trade and tourism.
• Initiatives aim to boost Bhutanese opportunities for trade and travel and increase tourism revenues.

(Note: These bullet points are based solely on the provided news article.)

Modi, Iranian President Raisi discuss Gaza crisis: Page 10

• Modi and Iranian President Raisi discussed the Gaza crisis.
• Raisi called for an immediate ceasefire in Gaza.
• They discussed progress on the Chabahar port.
• Mr. Raisi criticized Israeli bombings in Gaza.
• Concerns about terrorist incidents, violence, and civilian casualties were raised.
• Emphasis on preventing escalation and ensuring humanitarian aid.
• Progress in bilateral cooperation, including the Chabahar port, was noted.

Odd-even vehicle rotation scheme to return in Delhi: Page 12

• Odd-even vehicle rotation scheme returning in Delhi from November 13 to 20.
• In-person classes suspended in all schools in Delhi except for Classes 10 and 12 till November 10 due to severe air quality.
• Air pollution in Delhi reached about 18 times the WHO limit.
• Decision taken to prioritize the health of schoolchildren.
• Online classes will continue, and no bar on Class 10 and 12 board exams.
• The odd-even system will be implemented to reduce air pollution after Deepavali.
• The scheme allows even-numbered vehicles on even dates and odd-numbered vehicles on odd dates.
• Criticism from Delhi BJP president Virendra Sachdeva regarding the effectiveness of the odd-even scheme.
• Air pollution in Delhi remains in the “severe” category, with an AQI of 421 (as of 4 p.m.).

‘Quad’s IPMDA initiative proof of our commitment to a free Indo-Pacific’: Page 12

• Quad’s Indo-Pacific Maritime Domain Awareness (IPMDA) initiative signifies commitment to a free, open, and rules-based Indo-Pacific.
• IPMDA aims to monitor and secure maritime activities in the Indo-Pacific, ensure safety of sea lines of communication, and promote cooperation among like-minded nations.
• Quad members include India, Australia, Japan, and the U.S.
• Goal: Track “dark shipping” and create a real-time maritime picture in the Indo-Pacific.
• India’s Navy chief emphasizes the importance of building networks and partnerships for security and stability in the Indian Ocean Region (IOR).
• Navy’s force modernization plan targets having 170-180 ships and submarines by 2028.
• India aims for Navy self-reliance (Aatmanirbhar) by 2047.
• Recent global events underscore the need for naval readiness, resilience, and a versatile force to protect maritime interests.
• The Goa Maritime Conclave (GMC) is a critical platform for cooperation and addressing IOR maritime security challenges.
• The Indian Navy’s Information Fusion Centre for Indian Ocean Region (IFC-IOR) in Gurugram improves situational awareness and enhances Maritime Domain Awareness (MDA).
• Collaborative partnerships with like-minded nations and organizations will strengthen collective responsibility for maritime security and environmental protection.

Heeralal Samariya is Chief Information Commissioner: Page 12

• Heeralal Samariya sworn in as Chief Information Commissioner (CIC).
• First person from the Dalit community to hold this post.
• Sworn in by President Droupadi Murmu.
• Notable attendees at the swearing-in ceremony: Vice-President Jagdeep Dhankhar, Prime Minister Narendra Modi, Union Minister of State for Personnel Jitendra Singh.
• Heeralal Samariya, a retired IAS officer of the 1985 batch.
• Born in the remote village of Pahadi in Bharatpur district of Rajasthan.
• Previous positions include Secretary in the Ministry of Labour and Employment, Joint Secretary in the Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, and Commissioner of Commercial Taxes, Telangana.
• Initially appointed as an Information Commissioner in the Central Information Commission on November 7, 2020.
• The post of CIC had been vacant since October 3, following the completion of Y.K. Sinha’s tenure.
• Supreme Court directed the Centre and State governments to fill vacant posts in the CIC and State Information Commissions.
• Mr. Samariya administered the oath of office to two Information Commissioners, Anandi Ramalingam and Vinod Kumar Tiwari, at the Central Information Commission.

China urges Myanmar to cooperate to maintain stability on the border: Page 13

• China urges Myanmar to cooperate in maintaining stability along their common border.
• Recent fighting in Myanmar between junta forces and insurgents prompted this call for cooperation.
• Myanmar’s military is trying to restore order in the border region following coordinated attacks by ethnic minority armies seeking self-determination.
• China emphasizes the safety of Chinese border residents and personnel.
• An incident on the border resulted in the death of a Chinese citizen and injuries to several others.
• China hopes for stability in Myanmar and supports dialogue among parties to achieve reconciliation.
• Thailand is working to evacuate its nationals trapped in Myanmar due to the conflict.
• Myanmar has been in turmoil since a military coup in February 2021 removed the democratically elected government led by Aung San Suu Kyi.
• Pro-democracy insurgent groups have allied with ethnic minority guerrillas for autonomy in some areas.
• China and Russia have been supportive of the Myanmar military, while Western governments have imposed sanctions.
• China emphasizes respecting Myanmar’s sovereignty and supports its own path.
• During his visit, Mr. Nong inspected a natural gas pipeline as part of China’s Belt and Road infrastructure linking Ramree Island in Myanmar to Ruili in China’s Yunnan Province.

In the Sikkim flood’s wake, a trail of hazards lie in wait: Page II

• South Lhonak Lake in Sikkim caused a glacial lake outburst flood (GLOF) on October 3, resulting in severe damage.
• 42 people died, and 77 are still missing in the disaster.
• The lake’s area shrank by 16 hectares after the GLOF.
• A slope failure on the lake’s left bank widened the lake’s outlet, causing a partial breach and the GLOF.
• The lake’s area was 1.62 sq. km before the flood, now reduced to 1.46 sq. km.
• The lake still holds a lot of water, remaining a potential hazard.
• Continuous landslides along the slope have occurred since the disaster.
• A downstream landslide blocked a river, forming a landslide-dammed lake.
• Sikkim government claimed the GLOF was triggered by a cloudburst, but meteorological data suggests low rainfall.
• Researchers are also investigating earthquake tremors as a potential trigger.
• The disaster was compounded by the dam breach of the Teesta-III hydropower project, damaging other nearby projects.
• Early warning systems were lacking and proved detrimental.
• Climate change and glacier melting are linked to the rapid growth of the South Lhonak Lake.
• The lake’s size increased significantly due to climate warming, weakening permafrost and leading to the slope failure on October 3.

The earth’s interior may hold relics of moon-forming mega impact: Page II

• Seismologists have identified two large blobs in the earth’s mantle, one under Africa and the other under the South Pacific region.
• These blobs may be remnants from a collision between the early Earth and a Mars-sized object called Theia, believed to have formed the moon over 4.46 billion years ago.
• The impact released molten rock into space, which later coalesced to form the moon. Some fragments of Theia may have sunk into the earth, forming the mantle blobs.
• Computer simulations supported this hypothesis, suggesting that most of Theia became part of the earth, while residual debris formed the moon.
• The blobs are located about 2,900 kilometers below the earth’s surface and account for about 2% of the earth’s mass, with each being twice the mass of the moon.
• If confirmed, these blobs could serve as evidence of the moon-forming collision on Earth.
• The increased density of the blobs is attributed to their high iron content, and future lunar missions may help verify the model.
• Understanding the moon-forming impact can provide insights into the evolution of Earth and other rocky planets in our solar system, contributing to our understanding of Earth’s uniqueness as a habitable planet.

Source: The Hindu Epaper

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